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Ramakrishnan shares his perspectives on the realities of aging, death and immortality. Nobel Prize-winning molecular biologist Venki Ramakrishnan offers his perspective on aging, death and immortality. But biologists don’t believe that aging and death are programmed in the sense that a fertilized egg is programmed to develop into a human being. Larger animals tend to live longer. CNN: What are the societal costs of the quest to cheat aging and death, particularly inequities?
Persons: Harper Collins, Nobel, Venki Ramakrishnan, Venki, they’ve, Jeanne Calment, Dolly, I’m, it’s, Don’t, Steven Johnson, we’re, we’d, It’s, Jessica DuLong, Organizations: CNN, Aging Locations: French, Brooklyn , New York
AdvertisementHer exercise space is a funhouse for grown-ups, located in the middle of downtown Singapore's financial district, the Asian banking capital. It's the NeuroTracker, a brain game developed more than 14 years ago by a Canadian visual perception scientistRelated storiesIt's still a somewhat controversial device. This is ostensibly training my brain to focus, and improving my working memory. Pro athletes in the NFL, NBA, NHL, and MLB have incorporated Neurotracker into their training to level up. Brain training for longevity is still squishy science, for nowBut this training could soon be rolled out wider, buoyed by some research that suggests benefits.
Persons: I'm, Anna Milani, Milani, Lee Sidebottom, Sidebottom, aren't Organizations: Service, NFL, Premier League . Fighter, Business, US Air Force, Manchester United, Atlanta Falcons, Pro, NBA, NHL, MLB Locations: Singapore, Singapore's, Mexico City
Intermittent fasting diet plans, meal kits, fitness trackers, and biological age tests can all offer something to busy people who want to feel in control. More than one in 10 Americans (12%) tried intermittent fasting in 2023, according to one food and beverage industry-backed survey. The business of intermittent fasting phone apps is blossoming and is on track for more growth in the next five to 10 years. There are many ways to do intermittent fasting — from skipping breakfast to whole days without foodPeople have been fasting for as long as people have been people. AdvertisementThe case against fasting to lose weight and live longerFirefighters in San Diego tried intermittent fasting out during the pandemic, with good results.
Persons: , Chris Hemsworth, Podcaster Andrew Huberman, Hugh Jackman, Dwayne, Johnson, Terry Crews, It's, Sam Altman, biohacking, Dave Asprey, Gary Vaynerchuk, Bryan Johnson, Jack Dorsey, it's, Hippocrates, Daniel Belsky, There's, Satchidananda Panda, I've, Krista Varady, Dr, Peter Attia, you've, Satchidananda, He's, Randy Shropshire, nix, Valter Longo, Longo, Belsky, Stephen Kritchevsky, Mark Cucuzzella, Nir Barzilai, Nir Barzilai Nir Barzilai, Barzilai, Panda, That's, Cucuzzella Organizations: Service, Business, Columbia University, 16ers, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, University of Illinois, Getty, Cancer, gerontology, USC, Firefighters, Wake Forest University, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Locations: Greece, Chicago, San Diego, New York
Existing drugs could potentially be repurposed for longevity, a leading researcher says. download the app Email address Sign up By clicking “Sign Up”, you accept our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy . But for now, he says, there are some cheap old drugs available that may help make people feel new again. AdvertisementResearching potential anti-aging drugs that are already approved to treat other conditions has some clear benefits over other interventions. Researchers suspect that the same blood sugar-regulating benefits of these drugs can also help stave off many age-related diseases.
Persons: , Nir Barzilai, Barzilai, Metformin Francis Dean, Corbis Organizations: Service, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, US Food and Drug Administration, Getty Locations: Singapore, South
Getting enough good sleep is also critical for healthy aging and repair. download the app Email address Sign up By clicking “Sign Up”, you accept our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy . Some of the very first rigorous and independent placebo-controlled trials of longevity supplements are just getting underway. Here are the three most important things you can do for healthy aging right now. Diego Cervo/Shutterstock"I would say move, most importantly," Dr. Andrea Maier, a leading healthy aging and supplements researcher at the National University of Singapore, said during the conference.
Persons: , Diego Cervo, Dr, Andrea Maier, it's, Nima Sarikhani Organizations: Service, National University of Singapore, British, of Sports Medicine Locations: Singapore
Having a higher VO2 max is good, but more important for health is how the number changes over time. There's a way to use VO2 max to improve heart health and fitness without getting too bogged down in the data. So you have a higher VO2 max, you have a better endurance capacity," Blander said. Men tend to have a slightly higher VO2 max, so an example for an active man could be around 42 mL/kg/min. "If you have higher VO2 max you have a much better chance based on our data analysis to live better, longer, which is amazing," Blander said.
Persons: , Bryan Johnson, Gil Blander, It's, Blander, Archibald Hill, Hartley Lupton, Edo, Louw, Paz, Mike Thomson, Kate Baird, Baird, Thomson, Nico De Pasquale Organizations: Service, Apple, Cleveland Clinic, White Plains Hospital, Getty Locations: Edo Paz, White
If you've ever dreamed of giving up the grind and retiring in Italy, apparently it's as good as it sounds. On the agenda today:This story is available exclusively to Business Insider subscribers. In fact, this is a topic my colleagues at Business Insider cover extensively all year long. But understanding and improving your VO2 Max, a measure of how much oxygen you use during exercise, could be the key to unlocking a longer life. AdvertisementA higher VO2 max can give you a better chance at a longer life.
Persons: , we've, Alyssa Powell, They're, Christopher Malcolm, Getty, Klaus Vedfelt, Abanti Chowdhury, Max, Marc Piasecki, Tyler Le, Stellan, Skarsgård, Baron Vladimir Harkonnen, Jia Feng, Devin Shaffer, Neiman Marcus, Le, Napoleon, Ridley, Joaquin Phoenix, Joi, Marie McKenzie, Jordan Parker Erb, Dan DeFrancesco, Lisa Ryan Organizations: Service, Business, Getty, Universal, Miramax, Warner Bros, BI, Netflix, Apple TV, Apple, Hulu, Paramount Locations: Italy, Texas, Tuscany, America, United States, New York
The human brain has trouble pulling names out of stuffed memory banks on cue. But when are those and other verbal stumbles normal, and when might they be a sign of cognitive trouble? Former President Donald Trump, Biden's likely opponent in the November presidential election, has also. And while Trump often brags about passing a screening-style memory test several years ago, Lenze said the best assessment includes rigorous neuropsychological testing. ___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group.
Persons: Joe Biden, Macron, Mitterrand, I’m, , Jay Olshansky, Biden, ” Biden, Donald Trump, Biden's, Trump, Nikki Haley, Nancy Pelosi, , Eric Lenze, Louis, Emmanuel Macron, Francois Mitterrand, ” Mitterrand, ” Lenze, It’s “, Olshansky, everybody's, Lenze Organizations: WASHINGTON, University of Illinois, White, GOP, Washington University, Associated Press Health, Science Department, Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science, Educational Media Group, AP Locations: Chicago, St
How we change as we ageA decline in cognitive abilities is a normal part of healthy aging, said Dr. Emily Rogalski, Rosalind Franklin Professor of Neurology at the University of Chicago. A diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment is made clinically when cognitive difficulties become frequent and fall outside what is considered normal aging. “There’s not a whole lot of good evidence that there’s anything special about age 80 that leads to a drop-off” in cognitive abilities, Mather said. And they use cognitive tests, such as the Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE) or Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), to assess performance in different cognitive areas. Although population-level data associates aging with cognitive decline, the actual manifestation of aging is very diverse on an individual level, Rogalski said.
Persons: Joe Biden, Donald Trump, Biden, Trump, Nikki Haley, Nancy Pelosi, Emily Rogalski, Rosalind Franklin, , Molly Mather, , Angela Roberts, Roberts, “ There’s, Mather, MMSE, We’re, ” Mather, Nir Barzilai, Rogalski, “ We’ve, superagers, Barzilai, “ It’s, Dr, Sanjay Gupta, ” Roberts Organizations: CNN, House, Republican, NBC, Neurology, University of Chicago, UCSF, Aging, Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine, National Institute, Western University, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, American Federation for Aging Research, Trump, Biden, Get CNN, CNN Health, Locations: Mexico, Egypt, Montreal
The 83-year-old turned his health around decades ago and now competes in triathlons. The neurosurgeon shares 3 tips for younger people who want to be as fit as him. Since then, Maroon has completed eight Ironman Triathlons and placed second in his age category for the 2022 National Senior Games triathlon. AdvertisementMaroon shared his tips for younger people wanting to be as fit and healthy with BI. Address the balance in your lifeFinding a balance between work and family commitments has also been key to Maroon improving his fitness.
Persons: Joseph Maroon, , Maroon, Adia Callahan, BI's Gabby Landsverk Organizations: Service, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, WWE, Global Aging Consortium
In recent years, AI software that helps radiologists detect problems or diagnose cancer using mammography has been moving into clinical use. This extra review has enormous potential to improve the detection of suspicious breast masses and lead to earlier diagnoses of breast cancer. With RadNet’s AI tool, “it’s as if all patients get the benefit of our very top performer.”But is the tech analysis worth the extra cost to patients? The health system has developed AI models and is testing the technology with mammograms but doesn’t yet offer it to patients, she said. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, “computer-assisted detection” software promised to improve breast cancer detection.
Persons: , , Etta Pisano, RadNet, Gregory Sorensen, Sorensen, generalists, ” Sorensen, Laura Heacock, NYU Langone Health’s, Heacock, it’s, Constance Lehman, ” Lehman, RadNet’s, Dr, Sanjay Gupta, Christoph Lee, mammography, Robert Smith, ” Smith, Smith, we’re Organizations: Health, American College of Radiology, NYU, Cancer, , National Cancer Institute, FDA, Medicare, Services, CMS, Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Imaging Research, Mass, Get CNN, CNN Health, Screening, Research, University of Washington School of Medicine, American Cancer Society, Kaiser Health, KFF Locations: Manhattan, Baltimore, RadNet, New York, New Jersey, mammograms, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, Europe, Sweden, U.S
The eggs and overall nest construction closely resemble the eggs and pods of modern grasshopper species. Insect eggs are extremely rare in the fossil record, and intact egg cases are even rarer. This wasn’t just a cluster of eggs — it was a type of subterranean egg pod called an ootheca, with the eggs cradled by a protective layer that had mineralized into a stony rind. So Lee consulted a global insect egg database, containing more than 6,700 living species, to identify the eggs in the fossil pod. The virtually pristine specimen also speaks to the level of preservation in the national park site’s fossil beds, Famoso added.
Persons: , Jaemin Lee, Nick Famoso, Famoso, Ricardo Pérez, la Fuente, Christopher Schierup, Schierup, , Lee, Angela Lin, ” Famoso, ” Lee, ” Mindy Weisberger Organizations: CNN, Parks Stewardship, University of California, National Parks Service, University of Oxford’s, University of Oregon’s, Imaging, Scientific Locations: Oregon, Berkeley, Mitchell , Oregon, United Kingdom, Eugene
Supplements like vitamin D or magnesium may be in order. Vitamin D is essential for our bone density, helping us convert calcium into strength. Generally, we absorb most of our vitamin D from the sun, so many people choose to supplement their vitamin D intake in the wintertime, when we aren't getting as many rays outside. AdvertisementLongevity doctor Peter Attia pops several different kinds of magnesium every day, to promote healthy aging. Fine-tune your diet and exercise routine before you try supplements, experts sayLongevity experts recommend adding more vegetables, beans, nuts, and seeds into your diet.
Persons: , Nir Barzilai, Dr, Andrea Maier, Angelo Cavalli, immunologist Anthony Fauci, Bryan Johnson, Barzilai, it's, nicotinamide, Ivan, Paul Robbins, Peter Attia, Maier, that's, Kate Hull Organizations: Service, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Healthy Longevity, National University of Singapore, US Food and Drug Administration, Getty, FDA Locations: Singapore
Loving relationships with friends, family, and romantic partners are known to be good for mental health. Benefits include living longer, dulling physical pain, and more. NEW LOOK Sign up to get the inside scoop on today’s biggest stories in markets, tech, and business — delivered daily. download the app Email address Sign up By clicking “Sign Up”, you accept our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy . (Just look at 99-year-old former President Jimmy Carter, who was married to his late wife Rosalynn for 77 years.)
Persons: , Robert Waldinger, Jimmy Carter, Rosalynn, Waldinger Organizations: Service, Harvard, Development, Business
The Clues to Longer Life That Are Coming From Dogs
  + stars: | 2023-11-30 | by ( Alex Janin | ) www.wsj.com   time to read: 1 min
In the quest to help people live longer, scientists and companies are turning to dogs. Humans have greater genetic similarities to dogs than other common subjects of aging research, like mice. Our species get many of the same age-related diseases, including cancer and osteoarthritis. And dogs tend to live alongside us, sharing our exposures.
The Secrets of Anti-Aging, Gleaned From Your Dog
  + stars: | 2023-11-30 | by ( Alex Janin | ) www.wsj.com   time to read: 1 min
In the quest to help people live longer, scientists and companies are turning to dogs. Humans have greater genetic similarities to dogs than other common subjects of aging research, like mice. Our species get many of the same age-related diseases, including cancer and osteoarthritis. And dogs tend to live alongside us, sharing our exposures.
CNN —Loss of slow-wave sleep as you age may increase your risk of developing dementia, according to a new study. Slow-wave sleep is the third stage of sleep, which is important for brain health. Each percentage decrease in slow-wave sleep per year was linked with a 27% increased risk of developing dementia and a 32% higher risk of Alzheimer’s disease dementia. The rate of slow-wave sleep loss accelerated from age 60, peaked from ages 75 to 80 and slowed afterward. “This is an important study yet again showing the impact of quality of sleep on a person’s risk of cognitive decline and dementia,” Isaacson said.
Persons: , Matthew P, Pase, , Richard Isaacson, Isaacson wasn’t, ” Pase, ” Isaacson, it’s, Rudolph Tanzi, Tanzi wasn’t, Pase’s Organizations: CNN, Monash University, Framingham Heart Study, US, Blood Institute, Study, Genetics, Aging Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Locations: Australia, Florida, Framingham, Massachusetts
Enteral nutrition is administered through a feeding tube or it can be taken orally. Fresenius owns 32% of Fresenius Medical Center, which saw shares drop on recent news that Ozempic's kidney disease treatment trial showed signs of success. Clinical nutrition is about 20% of group profits and an important subset of its larger specialized nutrition unit, Ackerman said. "Many investors only focus only on their infant formula unit and don't know how big or how profitable clinical nutrition is," he said. "Clinical nutrition is the jewel in Danone's crown and probably the most attractive part of Danone's portfolio, yet is hidden from investors."
Persons: Stefano Natella, — hasn't, Hassan Al, Wakeel, Warren Ackerman, Ackerman, Lindsay Clarke, Enteral, Danone's Nutrison, , Baxter, Abbott, Sara Hennicken, Fresenius, Nestlé, Mark Schneider, Nestle, — CNBC's Michael Bloom Organizations: Guggenheim, World Health Organization, WHO, Barclays, Danone, Fresenius, Al, Alliance for Aging Research, Aging, CNBC, Nestle, Companies, — Nestle, Nutrition, Fresenius Medical Locations: German, Paris, China, Swiss, United States, parenteral, Latin America
Paldo worked for over 80 years from ages 18 to 99, and she believes working was a big contributor to her longevity. "That kept me busy, and I enjoyed working," Paldo says about her former job. Paldo's family started a sign business in Chicago producing electric signs, and Paldo was in charge of office work. "And I was the only one in the office that did all of the office work for our business, so it was enjoyable. Milman is also involved with the SuperAgers Family Study, which aims to discover the biological factors that contribute to longevity.
Persons: Madeline Paldo, Paldo, She'd, it's, Sofiya Milman, Milman Organizations: CNBC, Harvard, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Locations: Chicago, Texas
A majority of female retirees, 81%, have experienced at least one such unexpected financial event, versus 69% of men. Retired women are also more likely to face other shocks, including the death of another family member or close friend, suffering a financial setback or becoming a caregiver. Women are more likely to be caregivers for familyMoreover, a majority of unpaid family caregivers are women. Women are more likely to take on those responsibilities when they may not have enough saved for their own retirement, she said. Half of women said they are behind on retirement savings, versus just 35% of men, according to a 2022 Goldman Sachs report.
Persons: There's, Edward Jones, Lena Haas, Haas, Heather Ettinger, Ettinger, Goldman Sachs Organizations: AARP, Fairport Wealth, Social Security Locations: Cleveland , Ohio
But I don’t think we’re all aware of the age beliefs. To do that, researchers like him are targeting the essential biology of aging – the underlying reasons why we get old. When those biological processes fail or break down, we get sick – and aging is the biggest risk factor for that deterioration. In the meantime, though, remember this: Aging is probably not nearly as bad as you might imagine. And as my mom told me, we should all truly embrace getting older, because it sure as heck beats the alternative.
Persons: , , Diana Nyad, , Diana, I’m, Don’t, she’s, Dan Buettner, Dan, , Becca Levy, Levy, It’s, Ellsworth, Wareham, Nir Barzilai, Barzilai, ” Barzilai, ’ ”, Dr, Sanjay Gupta, CNN’s Andrea Kane Organizations: CNN, Yale, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, FDA, CNN Health Locations: Cuba, Florida, United States, Japan, Ellsworth Wareham, Loma Linda , California
The company told Reuters that 49% of Black volunteers did not meet the trial's amyloid threshold requirements compared to 22% for whites and 55% for Hispanics. "Is it because MCI (mild cognitive impairment) or early dementia type-symptoms in Blacks are caused by other reasons more so than Alzheimer's?" In 96 dementia trials from 2000-2017, diverse populations only made up around 11% of enrollment, according to a 2018 study. Among Black people who died of Alzheimer's, their dementia was more likely to result from multiple causes, such as vascular disease. "Is it that it's not Alzheimer's disease?
Persons: Barrington, Vickie Riley, Charlie, Harriet Shaffer, Barrington Riley, , Eli Lilly, Lilly, Crystal Glover, Eisai, Ivan Cheung, Cheung, Shobha, Biogen, Mark Mintun, Alzheimer's, Dr Lisa Barnes, Barnes, Joshua Grill, we're, Reisa Sperling, Brigham, Julie Steenhuysen, Caroline Humer, Suzanne Goldenberg, Daniel Flynn Organizations: Emory University Brain Health, Americans, Reuters, Prospective Black, Rush, Disease Research, and Drug Administration, FDA, Black, MCI, National Institutes of Health, Rush Center, University of California, Women's Hospital, Thomson Locations: Atlanta , Georgia, U.S, Chicago, Tokyo, Irvine, United States
Amazon founder Jeff Bezos has had a "glo-up" in recent years since stepping back from the company. He went from eating a tin of biscuits for breakfast every morning to putting in hours in the gym. Jeff Bezos was a pretty scrawny guy when he founded Amazon in 1994. She said that Bezos "stole" her personal trainer, Wes Okerson, who has also trained celebrities like Tom Cruise and Gerard Butler. Beyond his personal diet and fitness regimen Bezos has reportedly also invested in anti-aging research company Altos Labs.
Persons: Jeff Bezos, Lauren Sanchez, Sanchez, Wes Okerson, Tom Cruise, Gerard Butler, Jeff, Bezos, Bezos's, MacKenzie Scott, Betty Crocker Organizations: Amazon, Wall Street, Pillsbury, Altos Labs
When she celebrated her birthday last year, she told The Rye Record, “I’m glad I can still speak and have my sense of humor, but I would caution you not to try and live to be 112!”She had been the oldest known living person in New York State, according to LongeviQuest, which maintains a database of supercentenarians, people who have lived into a 12th decade. Mrs. Levy was one of more than 700 people, all 95 or older, recruited since 1998 to participate in a study by the Institute for Aging Research at the Albert Einstein School of Medicine in the Bronx to learn the genetic reasons for their unusually long, healthy lives. “It’s not luck,” Dr. Nir Barzilai, an endocrinologist who directs the institute, said by phone. “They exceeded luck. The biggest answer is genetics.”Using the blood and plasma of the test group, all Ashkenazi Jews — a comparatively homogeneous population whose genetic variations are easier to spot — the institute’s Longevity Genes Project has discovered gene mutations that are believed to be responsible for slowing the impact of aging on people like Mrs. Levy and protecting them against high cholesterol, heart disease, diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease.
Persons: “ I’m, Levy, “ It’s, ” Dr, Nir Barzilai Organizations: Rye, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein School of Medicine Locations: New York State, Bronx
How a Vast Demographic Shift Will Reshape the World
  + stars: | 2023-07-16 | by ( Lauren Leatherby | ) www.nytimes.com   time to read: +18 min
1990 Younger populations Workingage Older populations For decades, the world’s dominant powers have benefited from large working-age populations that help drive economic growth. Russia U.K. France Pakistan Pakistan China China U.S. U.S. Japan U.S. Japan China India India India Nigeria Nigeria Ethiopia D.R.C. Russia U.K. France Pakistan Pakistan China China U.S. U.S. U.S. Japan Japan China India India India Nigeria Nigeria Ethiopia D.R.C. Russia U.K. France Pakistan China U.S. U.S. U.S. Japan Japan China China India India India Nigeria Nigeria Ethiopia D.R.C. Russia U.K. France Pakistan China U.S. U.S. U.S. Japan Japan China China India India India Nigeria Nigeria Ethiopia D.R.C.
Persons: That’s, , Mikko Myrskylä, Max Planck, Carolina Cardona, Philip O’Keefe, , O’Keefe, Myrskylä, “ We’ve, , aren’t, Mr Organizations: Korea Germany Italy Russia United, France, France Pakistan Pakistan China China U.S ., U.S, China India Nigeria D.R.C, France Pakistan Pakistan China China U.S . U.S, France Pakistan, France Pakistan China U.S . U.S, for Demographic Research, Youth, Niger, Dem, Central African Rep, Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Czech Rep, Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece, Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland, Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Kosovo, Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Moldova Romania, Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Moldova Romania Russia Serbia Slovakia Slovenia, Hong Kong North Korea Japan Mongolia South Korea Taiwan Northern America, New Zealand, New, Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Central African Rep, Chad Comoros, Congo Ivory Coast Dem, Johns Hopkins University, Aging, ARC Center of Excellence, Aging Research, World Bank, Spain Taiwan, Young, Korea, Spain, Locations: Japan, Western Europe, South Korea, Britain, Eastern Europe, China, Europe, India, East Asia, Florida, United States, South, Southeast Asia, Africa, Korea Germany Italy, Korea Germany Italy Russia United States France China Thailand United Kingdom, South Korea Brazil Colombia China Thailand Iran Myanmar Vietnam Bangladesh Indonesia, South Africa Myanmar Indonesia Bangladesh Philippines Pakistan Kenya Indonesia Egypt Ethiopia, Russia, France Pakistan Pakistan China China U.S, France Pakistan Pakistan China China U.S . U.S, Japan U.S, Japan China India India India Nigeria Nigeria Ethiopia D.R.C, Indonesia Indonesia Brazil Brazil Brazil, China Japan India Brazil, Pakistan France China U.S, Japan India Nigeria Brazil Indonesia, Pakistan U.S, China India Nigeria, Ethiopia Brazil Indonesia, France Pakistan Pakistan China China U.S . U.S . U.S, Japan Japan China India India India Nigeria Nigeria Ethiopia D.R.C, France Pakistan China, France Pakistan China U.S . U.S . U.S, Japan Japan China China India India India Nigeria Nigeria Ethiopia D.R.C, Congo Somalia, Angola Tanzania Nigeria, Afghanistan Ethiopia Tajikistan Kenya, Asia, Oceania, Kenya, Demographically, South Asia, Singapore, Albania, Austria Belarus Belgium Bosnia, Herzegovina Bulgaria, Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany, Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary, Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy, Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Kosovo Latvia Lithuania Netherlands, Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal, Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Moldova Romania Russia Serbia Slovakia, Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Moldova Romania Russia Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Ukraine, Eastern Asia, Hong Kong North Korea Japan Mongolia South Korea Taiwan Northern, Canada, States Australia, New, Australia, New Zealand, Saharan Africa, Angola, Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon, Congo, Congo Djibouti, Guinea Eritrea Eswatini Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea, Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa South Sudan Togo Uganda Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe, Aging Asia, Pacific, America, , Hong Kong, Italy, Spain, Spain Taiwan Greece, Singapore Slovenia Thailand Germany, Mainland China Finland Japan Netherlands Canada, Hong Kong South Korea, Singapore Slovenia Japan Thailand Germany, Mainland China Finland Netherlands, U.N, Korea Japan Spain, Korea Japan, France, West, East, Vietnam
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